Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder with swings between depression and mania/hypomania.
Overview
Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder with swings between depression and mania/hypomania. It affects ~1–2% of people and often begins in late teens or early adulthood. Without treatment, episodes can recur and impair work, study, relationships, and physical health. Modern care combines medicines, psychotherapy, and lifestyle supports. Nature
Common Misunderstandings
It’s not “just moodiness.” Symptoms can be severe and disruptive, and many people feel blamed or dismissed. Medication side‑effects, weight changes, and sleep disturbance add to the burden. Hope matters: there are many evidence‑based strategies to improve stability and quality of life. Nature
How is Bipolar Disorder Linked to Your Microbiome?
- People with bipolar disorder show consistent gut microbiome differences vs controls in systematic reviews/meta‑analyses across psychiatric disorders (e.g., lower butyrate‑producers; higher Streptococcus/Lactobacillus/Eggerthella)—suggesting dysbiosis may contribute to immune and metabolic changes that affect mood. JAMA NetworkBioMed Central
- Multi‑omics studies in bipolar depression link altered gut bacteria and metabolites with brain functional changes, supporting a gut–brain axis signal (associative, not proof of cause). Nature
- A small randomised controlled trial in hospitalised mania found that adding a specific probiotic reduced rehospitalisation rates and length of stay over 24 weeks (adjunct to usual care). Findings are preliminary but promising. Europe PMC